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app/Http/Middleware/SecurityHeaders.php

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+<?php
+
+namespace App\Http\Middleware;
+
+use Closure;
+use Illuminate\Http\Request;
+use Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Response;
+
+/**
+ * Установка заголовков безопасности HTTP-ответа.
+ *
+ * Меры ФСТЭК: ЗИС (защита информационной системы), защита от XSS/clickjacking.
+ * HSTS добавляется только для HTTPS-запросов (ИАФ.5, ЗИС.9).
+ */
+class SecurityHeaders
+{
+    public function handle(Request $request, Closure $next): Response
+    {
+        $response = $next($request);
+
+        $response->headers->set('X-Frame-Options', 'DENY');
+        $response->headers->set('X-Content-Type-Options', 'nosniff');
+        $response->headers->set('Referrer-Policy', 'strict-origin-when-cross-origin');
+        $response->headers->set('Permissions-Policy', 'geolocation=(), camera=(), microphone=()');
+        $response->headers->set('Content-Security-Policy', (string) config('security.headers.csp'));
+        $response->headers->set('X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies', 'none');
+        $response->headers->set('Cross-Origin-Opener-Policy', 'same-origin');
+
+        // Не раскрываем используемое ПО (ОДТ/ЗИС).
+        $response->headers->remove('X-Powered-By');
+        $response->headers->remove('Server');
+
+        if ($request->isSecure()) {
+            $maxAge = (int) config('security.headers.hsts_max_age');
+            $response->headers->set(
+                'Strict-Transport-Security',
+                "max-age={$maxAge}; includeSubDomains; preload"
+            );
+        }
+
+        return $response;
+    }
+}